EcoMinutes
June 2009 – Water

060109
Did you know that only one percent of water on our planet is readily available for drinking?  97% of the world’s water is salt, and of the three percent that is fresh; icecaps and glaciers account for two thirds.  In an average four person household, approximately 9,000 gallons of water are used per month for a total of 108,000 gallons per year. Anywhere from 30 - 70% of that water is used for outdoor use.  Of that, 30% is used for lawn, garden, and landscape uses, the rest for washing cars, maintaining swimming pools, and cleaning sidewalks and driveways.   More than half of indoor usage occurs in the bathroom -- toilets use 24%, baths account for 9% and showers 21%.  Washing machines use 22% and leaks can contribute about 10%.  This month we’ll learn some ways to save a lot of that water. 

060209
Depending on where you live, anywhere from 30 - 70% of residential water is used for outdoor use, such as lawn and landscape irrigation. According to the EPA, some experts estimate that more than 50 percent of commercial and residential irrigation water use goes to waste due to evaporation, wind, improper system design, or overwatering.  One way you can prevent that is by changing from lawn sprinklers to a drip irrigation system – which allows the controlled application of water at a very low flow over a prolonged period. It differs from conventional watering systems in that the water just goes where it is needed and the soil does not get supersaturated. When the rate of drip irrigation is adjusted correctly, there are no puddles of water and no runoff.  Other ways to save water are to use a timer and rain sensor.

060309
Plumbing leaks can waste as much as 10% of the water you pay for, wasting thousands of gallons of water a year.  Just a
slow drip from a single faucet, of one drop per second could add up to about 2700 gallons of water wasted a year.  To test for water leaks, stop all water usage – don’t forget the ice maker and check your water meter.  Wait two hours and check it again, if it has moved, you’ve probably got a leak somewhere in your system.  Check all of your faucets, don’t forget those outside, and check for a leak in the toilets by adding some food coloring to the tank and waiting 10 minutes – if it ends up in the bowl fix it.  Most needed repairs will take only a few minutes, a few dollars and are easy for most homeowners. 

060409
To save some water, install a water-saving showerhead. A standard shower-head uses 5 to 10 gallons a minute while a water-saving showerhead has a flow rate of 3 gallons or less a minute, saving as much as 75 gallons of water during a normal 10-minute shower. To determine whether a low-flow showerhead needs to be installed, check the flow rate of the current showerhead by using the water meter or by putting a gallon container under the showerhead while the water is on and measuring the time it takes to fill the container at the usual shower setting. If it fills in less than 20 seconds, the flow is greater than 3 gallons per minute. Low-flow showerheads are easy to find and are inexpensive and can usually be installed in 10 minutes. 

060509
The ECUA’s average daily water production during the summer months is approximately 45 million gallons per day.  This is the EcoMinute and I’m Lois Benson, member of the ECUA Board.   The ECUA has sufficient water and pumping capability within its 35 well system to accommodate this demand, but we need your help, especially during the long, hot, and often dry summer.  Irrigating between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 3:00 a.m. can moderate some of the extreme peaks in usage, and maintain a balanced system pressure.   This approach greatly enhances our system capabilities; extending the life of our equipment, while also optimizing water pressure during the times when you and your neighbors need it most.  For more information about water conservation and more tips, go to ECUA.org.

060809
Don’t let water go down the drain unnecessarily.   Don’t keep the water running while brushing your teeth or shaving.  Rather than let the shower run while the water warms, collect the water and use it to water plants, clean, or flush the toilet.  Instead of running the shower the whole time, turn it off while you’re shampooing and soaping up.  Avoid flushing your toilet unnecessarily – don’t use it for trash.   Don’t use running water to thaw food – defrost in the refrigerator or in the microwave.  Keep a bottle of water in your refrigerator to avoid running your water to cool it.  Don’t run the water when washing dishes, fill one side of a double sink or a basin with soapy water.  Also, wash your fruits and vegetables in a pan of water instead of running water from the tap and then use it to water your plants.

060909
Every time it rains, a valuable resource goes down the drain.  Collecting rainwater from rooftops is an ancient practice, but the use of rain barrels and cisterns has increased in popularity due to recent droughts and a cultural emphasis on being eco-friendly.  Rainwater collected from a roof into a cistern or rain barrel can be used for landscape and garden irrigation or for washing cars or pets. During a typical summer a 60-gallon rain barrel could save you up to 1300 gallons of utility water!  In addition, the water collected can reduce flooding and erosion problems caused by heavy rains.  By diverting some water from local drainage, you can also prevent stormwater pollution by keeping that water from running off and collecting hazardous pollutants like pesticides, fertilizers, and bacteria, which typically drain into our local water bodies. 

061009
You need to practice smart watering. Watering too much or too little can cause plant problems.  Water deeply and infrequently.  Most plants do best if the soil is allowed to partially dry out between waterings.  Vegetables and annuals need water at the first sign of wilting, but perennials need water only if they stay droopy after it cools off in the evening.  Trees and shrubs usually don’t need watering once their roots are fully established, in 2 to 5 years, except in very dry years.  Additionally, add compost to your soil and mulch. When soil is dry or compacted, it won't absorb water quickly. If water puddles, stop watering a while and then restart so the water has time to soak in.

061109
While staying in a hotel or motel consider reusing your towels and sheets for your stay there.  Many hotels and motels now have cards that allow you to let them know you want to participate in their green lodging program.  The Florida Green Lodging Program is a voluntary effort by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection to encourage the lodging industry to conserve and protect Florida's natural resources. It acknowledges and promotes lodging facilities that demonstrate water and energy conservation, waste minimization, recycling, indoor air quality, environmentally friendly purchasing, program sustainability and pollution prevention. Hotels and motels implementing “green” practices not only save money, but also generate good publicity while helping to protect the environment. 

061209
With a long hot summer ahead, now is a great time to review some basic tips on watering to make every drop count. This is the EcoMinute and I'm Lois Benson a member of the ECUA Board.  If you're watering your lawn with a sprinkler, be sure to check to see if all of the heads are working correctly and are correctly directed.  Don't water the driveway, the sidewalk or the car, make sure that your sprinkler's range is adjusted to water the lawn and garden.  Also, be aware that if it's windy while you're watering, the wind may be diverting your spray, and you may be missing your targeted area.  Even better than using a sprinkler, consider using drip irrigation - it uses less water, and the water is better directed.  For more information about water conservation and more tips, go to ECUA.org.

 061509
How you dispose of waste could contaminate the water.  
Never dump oil, trash, leaves, pet waste, cigarettes or any other material onto the street or into the storm drains.  Everything that enters the storm drain ends up in our surface waters.  One quart of motor oil can create a two-acre-sized oil slick, and a gallon of oil will contaminate over 1,000,000 gallons of freshwater.  But if you throw motor oil down the drain it could contaminate waste treatment plant sludge.  Instead bring oil to the landfill or to one of the many service stations which will take it and recycle it.  Also, don’t ever throw your old, expired, or unneeded medicines down the toilet or drain, there’s a growing problem of pharmaceuticals in the water.  Rather, for pills, add water to dissolve them, then mix all liquid medications into cat litter or dirt, put in an opaque container and throw out in the trash. 

061609
Do you know where your drinking water comes from?  This is Elizabeth Campbell, board member for the ECUA, and this is the Eco-Minute. The ECUA has 34 wells in its water system that draw from the Sand-and-Gravel Aquifer, which lies directly beneath the central area of Escambia County. Our extensive, 1600-mile network of water mains help deliver water to your home or business every day.  It’s important to know, that the Aquifer is extremely sensitive to any material or waste discharged into the ground. Be careful when disposing of materials such as oil, gas, and other hazardous materials. It has the potential to contaminate the water in the Aquifer. For more information on the ECUA water distribution system, go to ECUA.org.

061709
Water is the essential element needed for life and is continuously being recycled by nature. This is Elizabeth Campbell, board member for the ECUA, and this is the Eco-Minute.  Do you know how this process works? The water cycle begins when water evaporates from oceans and other surface waters.  It is then transported into the atmosphere, eventually falling back to earth in the form of rain, snow, or sleet.  The water then infiltrates into the ground or runs off into the surface water and the cycle continues.  All the water that will ever be on earth is already here and we have to make sure we don’t waste it or contaminate it.  For more information on the ECUA water quality and distribution system, go to ecua.org.

061809
You just heard about a precautionary boil water notice is in effect for your area.  Is this a cause for alarm?  Absolutely not.  This is Elizabeth Campbell, board member for the ECUA, and this is the Eco-Minute. 
A boil water notice is issued whenever water service to an area has been interrupted.  There are many reasons this may happen. The most common-- scheduled maintenance or a break in a water line often caused by nearby construction.  To properly disinfect water to use for drinking or cooking, simply bring the water to a rolling boil for several minutes.  Or you can use 3-6 drops of unscented liquid household bleach per gallon of water, let it stand for 30 minutes in an open container before using.  That’s just how easy it is!  For more information on the boil water procedure go to ecua.org or wuwf.org.

061909
The ECUA works hard to deliver clean, healthful water to its 92,000 homes and businesses in Escambia County.  This is Elizabeth Campbell, board member for the ECUA, and this is the Eco-Minute.  During the summer it’s important to drink plenty of water and studies have shown that nothing is healthier than tap water and, it also costs a lot less than bottled water.  Local ECUA tap water is regulated by the EPA and DEP and water operators and the ECUA testing lab are state certified, the results must be reported to state and federal authorities, and water quality reports must be issued annually.  Bottled water has no such requirements.  If the chlorine taste is a problem, running it through an inexpensive filter or leaving it in the refrigerator will solve it.  For more information, go to ecua.org. 

062209
It’s easy to save water if you just think about what you do.  This is the EM and I’m ES.  Use a broom or rake to clean leaves and other debris from your driveway or sidewalk instead of hosing it down to save hundreds of gallons of water.  Don’t rinse your dishes before loading them in the dishwasher – most washers can handle soiled dishes and some even have grinders.  Use the garbage disposal sparingly, compost vegetable food waste instead and save gallons every time.  Wash your car or your dog on the lawn where the water can seep into the ground; using the driveway lets the wash water runoff into the street and storm drain.   Use the clothes washer and dishwasher only for full loads or set the washing machine to the appropriate water level for the load size.   For more information, go to WUWF.org and look for the EcoMinute under the news now link.

062309
Xeriscaping is water-wise gardening. This is the EM and I’m ES.  It means choosing plants that conserve water and designing landscapes that protect the environment.  Some fundamentals of Xeriscaping:  Group plants with similar water, soil, and light needs together; Choose plants that are drought-tolerant; Limit traditional lawn areas, instead, select native grasses; prior to planting, mulch and improve soil with compost and other organic matter to help hold moisture; water wisely - use drip irrigation or soaker hoses wherever practical. Water deeply, but don’t overwater; control pests to keep plants healthy, control weeds which compete with your plants for water, light and nutrients, prevent soil from packing around the roots of your plants.  For more information, go to WUWF.org and look for the EcoMinute under the news now link.

062409
If you live near the water, you need to be careful with your lawn and garden.  This is the EM and I’m ES.  Don’t mow to the edge of the water.  Allow native vegetation to grow freely in a minimum 10-foot buffer strip along the bank to reduce erosion and to help filter out pollutants.  Use organic pesticides and fertilizers if you feel you need to use them at all.  Before you fertilize, have your soil tested, you may not need to use fertilizer.  Try Integrated Pest Management, this system uses chemical-free strategies first and uses pesticides only as a last resort.  If you feel you must use chemicals, first identify the pest to be sure you are using the correct pesticide; don’t use more chemicals than necessary, and consider the weather.  Delay pesticide applications if rain is anticipated and schedule applications when wind direction will not carry pesticide drift over surface water and don’t spray when the wind speed exceeds 10 mph.  For more information, go to WUWF.org.

062509
If you have a swimming pool, here are some suggestions to save some water.  This is the EM and I’m ES.  First, use a pool cover.  Using a pool cover regularly can reduce evaporation by 90 to 95%.  Without a cover, an average pool of 18 X 36 feet loses about an inch of water a week which can add up to an annual loss of 7,000 gallons.  When backflushing your pool, consider using the water on your landscaping. Additionally, install a water-saving pool filter that will save water during the backflushing process.  Keep the water level in the pool relatively low to reduce water use and water loss from splashing and boisterous water play.  Discourage swimmers from splashing by explaining that the water needs to stay in the pool.  And, of course, fix any leaks, but you’ll hear more about that tomorrow.  For more information, go to WUWF.org and look for the EcoMinute under the news now link.

062609
If you have a pool, fix leaks promptly.  This is the EM and I’m ES.  Some signs of a pool leak are damp soil near the pool, pumps or plumbing or loose tiles or cracks.  If you suspect your pool has a leak, here are two ways to check – use a grease pencil to mark the water level, check the mark 24 hours later, and if the water has gone down more than ¼ inch, you probably have a leak.  Another way is to place a bucket filled with pool water on a pool step, mark the water level on the inside and outside.  Check the mark in 24 hours, if there’s a greater drop outside, there’s probably a leak.  If your pool is losing water, turn off the filtration system and note where the water stops dropping. If the water stops at the skimmer, the leak is probably in the filtration system. If the water stops at the light, the leak is probably there.  If the water drops below the light, then there may be a leak in the drain at the bottom the pool or the liner.  For more information, go to WUWF.org